Половые различия в математических способностях

Авторы

  • Юлия Черткова
  • Марина Егорова

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54359/ps.v6i31.667

Ключевые слова:

половые различия, математические способности, пренатальный тестостерон

Аннотация

Анализировались половые различия по математическим способностям, которые оценивались по результатам выполнения математического теста единого государственного экзамена. Выборка исследования включает 11577 пар близнецов, которые сдавали экзамен в 2010, 2011 и 2012 гг. Выборка репрезентативна популяции близнецов соответствующего возраста, проживающих на территории России. Для определения половых различий оценивались различия средних, дисперсий, величина эффекта d (разница в средних баллах мальчиков и девочек, деленная на усредненное по группам мальчиков и девочек стандартное отклонение). Основные результаты состоят в следующем. Девочки в среднем хуже выполняли математический тест, чем мальчики, однако различия между группами невелики и достигают уровня значимости только в одной возрастной когорте (у тех, кто сдавал экзамен в 2011 г.). Величина эффекта d для трех возрастных когорт равна 0,027, 0,078, 0,028, то есть пренебрежимо мала. Дисперсия в группе мальчиков больше, чем в группе девочек. По показателю математических способностей получены значимые различия между девочками из дизиготных разнополых пар и девочками из монои дизиготных однополых пар, что подтверждает предположение о влиянии пренатального тестостерона на формирование математических способностей.

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Авторы

Юлия Черткова

Черткова Юлия Давидовна. Кандидат психологических наук, ассистент, факультет психологии, Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова, ул. Моховая, д. 11, стр. 9, 125009 г. Москва, Россия. E-mail: y_chertkova@mail.ru

Марина Егорова

Егорова Марина Сергеевна. Доктор психологических наук, заведующая, кафедра психогенетики, факультет психологии, Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова, ул. Моховая, д. 11, стр. 9, 125009 Москва, Россия. E-mail: ms_egorova@mail.ru

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Опубликован

31.10.2013

Как цитировать

Черткова, Ю., & Егорова, М. (2013). Половые различия в математических способностях. Психологические исследования, 6(31). https://doi.org/10.54359/ps.v6i31.667

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