Использование технологий виртуальной реальности как метода оценки исполнительных функций билингвов в экологически валидных условиях
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54359/ps.v17i95.1599Ключевые слова:
билингвизм, исполнительные функции, VR-технологии, языковая энтропия, когнитивная гибкость, рабочая память, планированиеАннотация
Согласно гипотезе билингвального преимущества опыт использования двух и более языков приводит к более эффективной работе исполнительных функций. Однако систематические обзоры и мета-анализы последних лет указывают на неоднородность существующих результатов. Считается, что одной из причин подобной неоднородности являются задания, используемые для измерения исполнительных функций. В данной работе описывается опыт применения технологии виртуальной реальности (VR) как инструмента, позволяющего измерять исполнительные функции в условиях, приближенных к экологически валидным. Выборка исследования состояла из 114 билингвов (24,6% – мужчины) в возрасте от 18 до 33 лет (M = 20,40; SD = 2,94), говорящих на адыгейском (N = 48) и татарском языках (N = 66) в дополнение к русскому. Компоненты исполнительных функций, а именно: когнитивная гибкость, рабочая память и планирование, измерялись с помощью тестовой системы «Ice Cream» (Nesplora) в виртуальной реальности. Для оценки билингвального языкового опыта был применен метод языковой энтропии. Данное исследование является одним из первых, демонстрирующих возможность применения VR-инструментов для оценки исполнительных функций билингвов в условиях, приближенных к естественным. Ввиду новизны инструмента необходимо продолжить исследования с его применением для определения его валидности и надежности.
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