Авторитарность как компенсаторная характеристика
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54359/ps.v10i56.332Ключевые слова:
авторитарность, авторитарное подчинение и агрессия, конвенционализм, локус контроля, удовлетворенность жизньюАннотация
Проанализированы связи авторитарности с разноплановыми личностными чертами. Выборка состояла из 401 респондента в возрасте 18–78 лет (М = 26,58, SD = 12,91), 55,9% из них – женщины. Общая авторитарность, а также две ее составляющих (авторитарное подчинение и агрессия; конвенционализм) диагностировались по Краткому опроснику авторитарности (опроснику авторитаризма правого толка Б.Альтемейера, сокращенному и адаптированному авторами исследования). В работе рассматривались также частные черты личности: локус контроля, показатели по шкале детерминизма – свободы воли (FAD Plus), толерантность к неопределенности и удовлетворенность жизнью. Регрессионный анализ свидетельствует о том, что предикторами авторитарности выступают социо-демографические показатели – пол и наличие / отсутствие сиблингов и ряд личностных черт – интернальность в области достижений, все три показателя FAD plus (фатализм, свобода воли и непредсказуемость окружающего мира) и удовлетворенность жизнью. Уровень субъективного контроля коррелирует преимущественно с конвенционализмом: более высокой авторитарности соответствует интернальный локус контроля. Показано, что связь авторитарности с интернальностью частично обусловлена интернальностью в семейных отношениях. Удовлетворенность жизнью связана положительно со всеми показателями авторитарности. Полученные взаимосвязи авторитарности с интернальным локусом контроля и удовлетворенностью жизнью не противоречат предположению о компенсаторной функции авторитарности.
Скачивания
Литература
Altemeyer B. Right-Wing Authoritarianism. University of Manitoba Press, 1981.
Bazhin E.F., Golynkina E.A., Etkind A.M. Oprosnik urovnya sub"ektivnogo kontrolya [Locus of control questionnaire]. Moscow: Smysl, 1993. (in Russian)
Brandt M.J., Chambers J.R., Crawford J.T., Wetheral J., Reyna C. Bounded openness: The effect of openness to experience on intolerance is moderated by target group conventionality. Journal of personality and social psychology, 2015, Vol. 109, 549–568.
Brandt M.J., Henry P.J. Gender inequality and gender differences in authoritarianism. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2012, Vol. 38, 1301–1315.
Cadinu M., Maass A., Lombardo M., Frigerio S. Stereotype threat: the moderating role of Locus of Control beliefs. European Journal of Social Psychology, 2006, 36(2), 183–197.
Chertkova Yu.D. In: M.K. Kabardov, A.K. Osnitskii (Eds.), Mezhdunarodnaya yubileinaya konferentsiya "B.M. Teplov i sovremennoe sostoyanie differentsial'noi psikhologii i differentsial'noi psikhofiziologii: k 120-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya. Moscow: Pero, 2017. (in Russian)
Chertkova Yu.D., Egorova M.S., Fominykh A.Ya., Alekseeva O.S. Psikhologicheskie Issledovaniya, 2017, 10(52), 11. http://psystudy.ru (in Russian)
Cozzarelli C., Wilkinson A.V., Tagler M.J. Attitudes Toward the Poor and Attributions for Poverty. Journal of Social Issues, 2001, 57(2), 207–227.
de Regt S., Mortelmans D., Smits T. Left-wing authoritarianism is not a myth, but a worrisome reality. Evidence from 13 Eastern European countries. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 2011, 44(4), 299–308.
Dhont K., Roets A., Van Hiel A. The intergenerational transmission of need for closure underlies the transmission of authoritarianism and anti-immigrant prejudice. Personality and Individual Differences, 2013, 54(6), 779–784.
Dhont K., Van Hiel A. Intergroup contact buffers against the intergenerational transmission of authoritarianism and racial prejudice. Journal of Research in Personality, 2012, Vol. 46, 231–234.
Diener E., Diener M. Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal of personality and social psychology, 1995, 68(4), 653–663.
Duriez B., Soenens B. The intergenerational transmission of racism: The role of Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation. Journal of Research in Personality, 2009, Vol. 43, 906–909.
Duriez B., Soenens B., Vansteenkiste M. In search of the antecedents of adolescent authoritarianism: The relative contribution of parental goal promotion and parenting style dimensions. European Journal of Personality, 2007, Vol. 21, 507–527.
Heaven P.C.L., Bucci S. Right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and personality: An analysis using the IPIP measure. European Journal of Personality, 2001, 15(1), 49–56.
Hibbing J.R., Smith K.B., Alford J.R. Differences in negativity bias underlie variations in political ideology. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2014, Vol. 37, 297–307.
Jost J.T., Kruglanski A.W., Glaser J., Sulloway F. Political Conservatism as Motivated Social Cognition. Psychological Bulletin, 2003, 129(3), 339–375.
Kemmelmeier M. Authoritarianism and its relationship with intuitive-experiential cognitive style and heuristic processing, Personality and Individual Differences, 2010, 48(1), 44–48.
MacInnis C.C., .Busseria M.A., Choma B.L., Hodsona G. The happy cyclist: Examining the association between generalized authoritarianism and subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 2013, 55(7), 789–793.
Manzi С., Roccato M., Paderi F., Vitrotti S., Russo S. The social development of right-wing authoritarianism: The interaction between parental autonomy support and societal threat to safety. Personality and Individual Differences, 2017, Vol. 109, 1–4.
McCollaum B., Lester D. Authoritarianism, Anti-Authoritarianism, and Locus of Control. Psychological Reports, 1995, 76(2), 12–19.
Napier J.L., Jost J.T. The “antidemocratic personality” revisited: A cross-national investigation of working-class authoritarianism. Journal of Social Issues, 2008, Vol. 64, 595–617.
Onraet E., Van Hiel W. When threat to society becomes a threat to oneself: Implications for right-wing attitudes and ethnic prejudice. International Journal of Psychology, 2013, 48(1), 25–34.
Onraet E., Van Assche J., Roets A., Haesevoets T., Van Hiel A. The Happiness Gap Between Conservatives and Liberals Depends on Country-Level Threat: A Worldwide Multilevel Study. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2016, 8(1), 11–19.
Paulhus D.L., Carey J.M. The FAD–Plus: Measuring lay beliefs regarding free will and related constructs. Journal of Personality Assessment, 2011, 93(1), 96–104.
Perry R., Sibley C.G., Duckitt J. Dangerous and competitive worldviews: A meta-analysis of their associations with Social Dominance Orientation and Right-Wing Authoritarianism. Journal of Research in Personality, 2013, Vol. 47, 116–127.
Peterson B., Smirles K., Wentworth P. Generativity and authoritarianism: Implications for personality, political involvement, and parenting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1997, 72(5), 1202–1216.
Schlenker B.R., Chambers J.R., Le B.M. Conservatives are happier then liberals, but why? Political ideology, personality and life satisfaction. Journal of Research in Personality, 2012, Vol. 46, 127–146.
Sibley C., Wilson M., Duckitt J. Antecedents of men's hostile and benevolent sexism: The dual roles of social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2007, Vol. 33, 160–172.
Sibley C.G., Duckitt J. Personality and prejudice: a meta-analysis and theoretical review. Personality Social Psychological Review, 2008, 12(3), 248–279. doi: 10.1177/1088868308319226
Strube M.J., Rahimi A.M. “Everybody knows it’s true”: Social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism moderate false consensus for stereotypic beliefs. Journal of Research in Personality, 2006, Vol. 40, 1038–1053.
Van Hiel A., De Clercq B. Authoritarianism is good for you: Right-wing authoritarianism as a buffering factor for mental distress. European Journal of Personality, 2009, Vol. 23, 33–50.
Van Hiel A., Brebels L. Conservatism is good for you: Cultural conservatism protects self- esteem in older adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 2011, 50(1), 120–123.
Van Hiel A., Onraet E., De Pauw S. The relationship between socialcultural attitudes and behavioral measures of cognitive style: A meta-analytic integration of studies. Journal of Personality, 2010, Vol. 78, 1765–1799.
Whitley B.E. Right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1999, Vol. 77, 126–134.
Wojcik S.P., Hovasapian A., Graham J., Motyl M., Ditto P.H. Conservatives report, but liberals display, greater happiness. Science, 2015, 347(6227), 1243–1246.
