Восприятие, запоминание и узнавание лица: электрофизиологическое исследование рабочей памяти
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54359/ps.v8i44.508Ключевые слова:
рабочая память, восприятие лиц, электроэнцефалография, вызванные потенциалы, мозговые механизмы когнитивных процессовАннотация
Данное исследование посвящено изучению электрической активности мозга, связанной с восприятием, запечатлением и узнаванием человеческих лиц как этапов процесса рабочей памяти. В исследовании приняли участие 58 здоровых испытуемых (средний возраст – 20,9 ± 5,1 лет). Исследование состояло из четырех серий компьютерного тестирования – серии на восприятие изображений лица, серии на запоминание и серии на узнавание лиц, а также контрольной серии на восприятие сложновербализуемых геометрических фигур. В процессе эксперимента регистрировалась многоканальная ЭЭГ, в ходе анализа данных для соответствующих задач усреднялись вызванные потенциалы (ВП), компоненты которых далее статистически сравнивались по выборке испытуемых. Были выявлены значимые различия в амплитуде ранних компонентов ВП (Р120) на затылочных отведениях между серией на восприятие геометрических фигур и всеми сериями со стимулами-лицами, а также различия на поздних компонентах (N300-500) на лобных, височных, теменных и центральных отведениях между задачами на восприятие, запоминание и извлечение образов лиц из рабочей памяти. Полученные данные обсуждаются в рамках гипотезы о существовании системы мозговых структур, специфически обеспечивающей обработку информации об образах лиц.
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