Принятие основанных на эмоциях решений в ситуации неопределенности
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54359/ps.v8i43.524Ключевые слова:
гипотеза соматических маркеров Дамасио, принятие решений, эмоциональный интеллект, исполнительные функции, импульсивность, склонность к риску, ситуация неопределенностиАннотация
Анализируется способность здоровых людей принимать решения, основанные на механизме эмоционального научения (гипотеза соматических маркеров Дамасио). Оценивается связь этого механизма с пониманием эмоционально значимых ситуаций из реальной жизни, использованием эмоций для регуляции деятельности. Рассматривается зависимость эмоционального научения от параметров регуляторных функций. Анализируется влияние склонности к риску и импульсивности на принятие решений. Использованы методики: «Игровая задача» (IGT), тест на эмоциональный интеллект MSCEIT, Висконсинский тест сортировки карточек (WCST), Словесно-цветовой интерференционный тест (D-KEFS Color-Word Interference Test), Шкала импульсивности Барратта BIS-11, опросник «Импульсивность 7» (I7). Всего в исследовании приняли участие 95 человек. Показана связь принятия решений в неопределенной ситуации, оцениваемого с помощью «Игровой задачи» (IGT), с эмоциональными процессами. Показано, что снижение таких показателей регуляторных функций, как подавление нерелевантных ответов и контроль результата собственного действия, связаны со снижением способности к принятию решений в неопределенной ситуации. Личностные особенности (интерес к решению сложных задач и нацеленность в будущее) связаны с лучшим принятием решений в неопределенной ситуации. У людей, склонных к рискованному поведению, позже наступает обучение на основе эмоционального опыта. Высокий уровень способности к планированию и самоконтролю связан с особенностями основанного на эмоциях принятия решений.
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