Psychology of teaching/learning under conditions of novelty, complexity and uncertainty

Abstract

Features of teaching/learning under conditions of novelty, complexity and uncertainty are considered. Distinctions between: (a) abilities to learn independently in novel areas, and (b) abilities to be taught following external rules and demands, are introduced. Also the corresponding distinctions between teaching abilities are introduced. Learners’ preparation for unique situations and difficulties is analyzed. It is shown that assistance and counteraction to teaching/learning are factors that influence complexity and unpredictability of development.