Relationships between values and personality traits

Abstract

Studying of human values is one of the most popular themes in modern psychology. Researchers have defined basic values, conducted cohort and cross-cultural comparisons, determined mechanisms of values development, investigated links between values and personality traits. The aim of our study was to analyze relationships between values and Big Five personality traits (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Conscientiousness, Openness to experience) with sex and age differences. Sample included 438 individuals at the age from 18 to 79 years. To determinate human values we used Schwartz Portrait Values Questionnaire, to assess Big Five personality traits we used Russian version of Big Five Personality Inventory. The most important values for our respondents are Universalism, Benevolence, Security and Self-direction; the least important - Conformity, Stimulation and Power. For assessment of interrelations between values and personality features the hierarchical regression analysis was used. Conservation values (Security, Tradition and Conformity) are related with such personal traits as Extraversion and Conscientiousness. Values of Openness to change (Self-direction, Stimulation and Hedonism) linked with Openness to experience and a low Neuroticism. Important predictors for Self-Enhancement values (Power, Achievement) were low Agreeableness, high Openness to experience and high Extraversion. Values of Self-Transcendence (Universalism, Benevolence) are connected with a low Neuroticism, high Agreeableness and high Conscientiousness. It was shown that the age of participants was significant predictor for most values, except Self-direction and Benevolence.